Mental health problems are a concern worldwide at present and they’re becoming increasingly prominent in Nigeria.
Reports suggest that more than a quarter of people in Nigeria currently struggle with mental health issues, while 80% of those that do are unable to obtain care. Conditions are varied, with all manner of problems related to intergenerational traumas, depression, anxiety disorders and substance abuse, with the rising levels of addiction alarming. But, unfortunately, there’s limited access to drug rehab or counselling.
So what does the Nigerian government need to do to address this crisis and improve mental health in the country over the next 12 months?
Increase Funding for Mental Health Services
First and foremost, more funding absolutely needs to be accessible to address the country’s mental health. As it stands, mental health receives a miniscule portion of the national health budget, way below the World Health Organisation’s recommendation of at least 10%.
This has to be addressed and prioritised in the current climate, particularly as so many people aren’t getting the access to help they need. By doing this, the government can then begin to create more robust infrastructure and plan to address mental health and cater to the diverse needs of the population.
Develop Comprehensive Mental Health Policies
That begins by reassessing the policies in place. While Nigeria has come a long way with its Mental Health Bill and National Mental Health Policy, there are still gaps and more needs to be done in order to ensure that the bills are effectively implemented.
The government needs to prioritise refining and enforcing its policies and ensure that care is more accessible and that there are clear protocols for receiving treatment and rehabilitation. Mental health services need to be integrated into primary care so it’s a fundamental part of day-to-day health.
Train and Increase the Mental Health Workforce
Unfortunately, there is a lack of mental health professionals in the country, which provides a significant barrier for those seeking help. It’s believed there are less than 10 psychiatrists per million people in Nigeria, a far cry from the average worldwide of 90 per million.
That naturally needs to be addressed and more training needs to be on offer for people entering the healthcare professions. Increasing the number of psychiatrists, psychologists, nurses and social workers is so important in order to make treatment and care more widely available.
Scholarships and incentives for students to enter the mental health care indsutry is one option, while ongoing professional development can help those already in the space climb the ladder and create a more structured industry.
Implement Public Awareness Campaigns
Stigma surrounding mental health remains a significant barrier to seeking help in Nigeria. Many individuals still view mental illness as a personal failure or a source of shame, which can prevent them from accessing the care they need. To combat this stigma, the government should implement nationwide public awareness campaigns aimed at educating the public about mental health issues.
These campaigns should focus on dispelling myths and misconceptions about mental health, promoting the importance of seeking help, and encouraging open discussions about mental health challenges. Collaborating with media outlets, community organisations, and local leaders can amplify the message and foster a more supportive environment for individuals struggling with mental health issues.
Strengthen Community-Based Mental Health Services
Community-based mental health services are essential for providing accessible care to individuals in need. Currently, many Nigerians live in remote areas where mental health facilities are scarce, making it difficult for them to receive adequate support. The government should prioritise the establishment of community mental health centres that offer a range of services, including counselling, therapy, and support groups.
These centres can serve as safe spaces for individuals to seek help, share their experiences, and access resources. By decentralising mental health services, the government can ensure that individuals in rural and underserved communities receive the care they need without having to travel long distances.
Encourage Collaboration Between Sectors
Improving mental health care in Nigeria requires collaboration across various sectors, including health, education, and social services. The government should foster partnerships between mental health organisations, non-governmental organisations (NGOs), and community groups to create a more integrated approach to mental health care.
Collaboration can lead to innovative programmes that address the root causes of mental health issues, such as poverty, unemployment, and lack of education. By working together, different sectors can pool resources, share expertise, and develop comprehensive solutions that benefit the entire population.
